Maternal-fetal infection and brain malformations as risk factors for cerebral palsy, symptomatic epilepsy and mental retardation
Keywords:
cerebral palsy, maternal-fetal infections, congenital malformationsAbstract
Introduction: The Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a result of the interaction of multiple risk factors and in many cases the cause can not be established. In recent studies, concerning patients with CP, accompanied by symptomatic epilepsy and mental retardation, maternal-fetal infections (MFIs) and congenital brain malformations have been of major importance.
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to analyze the role of maternal-fetal infections and brain malformations in various forms of CP and their participation in the etiopathogenesis of symptomatic epilepsy and mental retardation in children with cerebral palsy.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 521 children, treated in the period 2008-2018 in the Clinic of Child Neurology, UMHATNP „St. Naum”. The CP forms were defined using the classification of Stanley et al. A documentary method has been used to analyze the risk factors: maternal-fetal infection and cerebral malformations for CP, as well as their participation in the etiopathogenesis of the concomitant symptomatic epilepsy and mental retardation. The statistical data package SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 13.0 was used to process the survey data.
Results: The statistical analysis shows a significant relationship between MFIs, brain malformations and CP forms. There is no relationship between the prematurity and the MFIs. The relative risk for epilepsy in patients with brain malformations was also calculated. There is a statistical correlations between MFIs, brain malformations and degrees of mental retardation.
Conclusion: Our study shows a high risk for CP due to maternal-fetal infections and cerebral malformations, especially for the quadriplegic form. There is a high risk for epileptogenicity in brain malformations with an additional negative impact of epilepsy on the cognitive functions in children. We have shown that congenital infections and brain malformations are essential for the mental retardation in children with CP.
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Copyright (c) 2019 Elena Rodopska, V. Bojinova, N. Topalov, I. Aleksandrova, D. Deneva, A. Asenova, M. Koleva, E. Slavkova, V. Tomov, S. Shopova, E. Zaekova
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